不定詞が後に続く動詞
多くの動詞の後に、第二の動詞が不定詞の形で続くことがあります。このページに挙げたすべての動詞の後にはto不定詞を続けることが出来ます。星印が付いている動詞の後には、例で示したようにthat節を続けることも出来ます。星印が二つ付いている動詞は、主動詞の主語が "it"の場合、that節のみが後に続くものです。
不定詞が後に続く動詞
| afford | agree* | aim | appear** | arrange* | bother | care |
| claim* | condescend | consent | decide* | demand* | determine* | endeavour |
| fail | guarantee* | happen* | hasten | have (= be obliged) | hesitate | hope* |
| learn | long | manage | offer | prepare | pretend* | proceed |
| promise* | propose | prove (= turn out) | refuse | resolve* | seek | seem** |
| strive | swear* | tend | threaten* | trouble | undertake | volunteer |
| vow* |
例
- I hope to see you next week.
- I hope that I'll see you next week.
- He claimed to be an expert.
- He claimed that she was an expert.
- I managed to reach the top of the hill.
- Would you care to swim?
例
- It appeared that no-one had locked the door.
- He appeared to be lost.
- It seems that she is running late.
- She seems to be running late.
名詞 + 不定詞が続く動詞
| accustom | aid | appoint | assist | cause | challenge | command* |
| defy | direct* | drive | empower | enable | encourage | entice |
| entitle | entreat | force | get | implore* | incite | induce |
| inspire | instruct* | invite | lead | leave (= 他の誰かの責任にする) | oblige | order* |
| persuade* | press | prompt | provoke | remind* | require* | stimulate |
| summon | teach | tell | tempt | trust* | warn* |
例
- The professor challenged his students to argue with his theory.
- This law empowers the government to charge higher taxes.
- You can't force me to do something I don't agree with.
- I invited the new student to have dinner with me.
- What inspired you to write this poem?
That節の前に名詞がない動詞
特定の動詞の後にthat節が続き、不定詞を使う場合はその前に名詞があるのに、that節の前変えると名詞がなくなる場合があります。これは動詞がcommand, direct, entreat, implore, order, requireや trustの場合です。
例
- I trust you to tell the truth.
- I trust that you are telling the truth.
- The general commanded his men to surrender.
- The general commanded that his men surrender.
That節の前に名詞がある動詞
他の動詞では、 that節が後に続く場合、不定詞を使う場合と同じようにその前に名詞が来ます。これは動詞が persuade やremindの場合です。
例
- You can't persuade people to buy small cars.
- You can't persuade people that small cars are better.
- He reminded me to take my notebook to school.
- He reminded me that I would need my notebook.
That節の前に名詞があってもなくてもよい動詞
That節が後に続く動詞の最後のグループです。動詞instruct, teachと warnを使う場合
例
- She taught her students to appreciate poetry.
- She taught her students that poetry was valuable.
- She taught that poetry was valuable.
後に不定詞や noun +不定詞が続く動詞
| ask* | beg* | choose | dare | desire* | elect | expect* |
| help | mean* (=intend) | request* | want | wish* |
例
- I asked him to show me the book.
- I asked to see the book.
- She helped me to put away the dishes.
- She helped to put away the dishes.
- We expect you to do your best in the exam.
- We expect to do well on our exams.
- Do you want to go to the beach?
- Do you want me to go with you to the beach?
挑戦に使う
否定や疑問文では、両方の動詞の主語が同じ場合、toを省略する方がより一般的ですが、to不定詞でもtoなし不定詞でも使うことが出来ます。二つの動詞の主語が異なる場合には、toが必要です。
例
- I never dared tell him what happened.
- Do you dare tell him?
- Would you dare (to) jump out of a plane?
- I dare you to tell him the truth.
- She dared me to jump off the wall.