命令と要求の報告
命令や要求を報告したい場合、 to-で始まる文節と一緒に 'tell' などの動詞を使うことが出来ます:He told me to go away.このパターンは動詞 + 間接目的語 + to-文節です。この間接目的語は、主語が話している相手です。命令や要求をこのように報告するために使われる動詞:command, order, warn, ask, advise, invite, beg, teach, & forbid.
例
直接話法 | 間接話法 |
---|---|
The doctor said to me, "Stop smoking!". | The doctor told me to stop smoking. |
"Get out of the car!" said the policeman. | The policeman ordered him to get out of the car. |
"Could you please be quiet," she said. | She asked me to be quiet. |
The man with the gun said to us, "Don't move!" | The man with the gun warned us not to move. |
物事の要求
物事の要求は、"asked for" +目的語のパターンを使って報告します。
例
直接話法 | 間接話法 |
---|---|
"Can I have an apple?", she asked. | She asked for an apple. |
"Can I have the newspaper, please?" | He asked for the newspaper. |
"May I have a glass of water?" he said. | He asked for a glass of water. |
"Sugar, please." | She asked for the sugar. |
"Could I have three kilos of onions?" | He asked for three kilos of onions. |
提案
提案には、 suggest, insist, recommend, demand, requestや proposeといった動詞の後にthat で始まる文節が続く形が最もよく使われます。下記のはじめの二つの例のように、'That' と 'should' は、これらの文節ではオプションです。suggest, recommendと proposeの後には、間接目的語(提案を受ける人)を省くことでその提案をより上品にするために、動名詞が続くこともあります。この動名詞の使い方は、下記の例の4番目と5番目に挙げています。
例
直接話法 | 間接話法 |
---|---|
She said, "Why don't you get a mechanic to look at the car?" |
She suggested that I should get a mechanic to look at the car. OR She suggested I should get a mechanic to look at the car. OR She suggested that I get a mechanic to look at the car.OR She suggested I get a mechanic to look at the car. |
"Why don't you go to the doctor?" he said. |
He suggested I go to the doctor. OR He suggested that I go to the doctor. OR He suggested I should go to the doctor.OR He suggested that I should go to the doctor. |
"It would be a good idea to see the dentist", said my mother. | My mother suggested I see the dentist. |
The dentist said, "I think you should use a different toothbrush". | The dentist recommended using a different toothbrush. |
You said, "I don't think you have time to see the dentist this week." | You suggested postponing my visit to the dentist. |
I said, "I don't think you should see the dentist this week." | I suggested postponing your visit to the dentist. |
My manager said, "I think we should examine the budget carefully at this meeting." | My manager proposed that we examine the budget carefully at the meeting. |
"Why don't you sleep overnight at my house?" she said. | She suggested that I sleep overnight at her house. |