現在継続時制
学習テスト現在継続の作り方
すべての動詞の現在継続は次の二つの要素から成ります- 動詞to beの現在形 +主動詞の現在分詞.
(現在分詞の形は： 基本形+ing、例 talking, playing, moving, smiling)
| 肯定文 | ||
| 主語 | + to be | + 基本形 + ing |
| She | is | talking. |
| 否定文 | ||
| 主語 | + to be + not | +基本形+ ing |
| She | is not (isn't) | talking |
| 疑問文 | ||
| to be | +主語 | + 基本形 + ing |
| Is | she | talking? |
例：TO GO、現在継続形
| 肯定文 | 否定文 | 疑問文 |
|---|---|---|
| I am going | I am not going | Am I going? |
| You are going | You aren't going. | Are you going? |
| He, she, it is going | He, she, it isn't going | Is he, she, it going? |
| We are going | We aren't going | Are we going? |
| You are going | You aren't going | Are you going? |
| They are going | They aren't going | Are they going? |
備考：別の否定形縮約I'm not going, you're not going, he's not going 等。
現在継続の機能
英語の時制のすべてに言えるように 話し手の態度は、行動や出来事が起こった時と同じ位重要です。誰かが現在継続を使う場合、彼らはまだ終了していない 何かについて考えています。
現在継続が使われる場合：
- この時点で起こっている行動を述べる場合：You are using the Internet.You are studying English grammar.
- この期間に起こっている行動やトレンドを述べる場合：Are you still working for the same company? More and more people are becoming vegetarian.
- すでに計画され準備されている未来の行動やイベントを述べる場合：We're going on holiday tomorrow. I'm meeting my boyfriend tonight. Are they visiting you next winter?
- 一時的な出来事や状況を述べる場合：He usually plays the drums, but he's playing bass guitar tonight. The weather forecast was good, but it's raining at the moment.
- "always, forever, constantly"と共に、繰り返される継続的な行動を述べたり強調する場合：Harry and Sally are always arguing! You're constantly complaining about your mother-in-law!
注意! 動詞の中には通常継続形で使わないものもあります。
通常継続形で使わない動詞
下のリストに挙げられた動詞は、行動や工程ではなく状態を述べているので、通常シンプルな形状で使われます。
感覚 / 認知
- to feel*
- to hear
- to see*
- to smell
- to taste
意見
- to assume
- to believe
- to consider
- to doubt
- to feel (= to think)
- to find (= to consider)
- to suppose
- to think*
精神状態
- to forget
- to imagine
- to know
- to mean
- to notice
- to recognise
- to remember
- to understand
感情 / 願望
- to envy
- to fear
- to dislike
- to hate
- to hope
- to like
- to love
- to mind
- to prefer
- to regret
- to want
- to wish
測定
- to contain
- to cost
- to hold
- to measure
- to weigh
その他
- to look (=似ている)
- to seem
- to be (大抵の場合)
- to have ( "所有"を意味する場合)*
例外
知覚動詞 (see, hear, feel, taste, smell) は canと一緒に使われることがよくあります ： I can see... これらの動詞は継続形で使われることがありますが、意味が異なります。
- This coat feels nice and warm. (コートの質を知覚している)
- John's feeling much better now (彼の健康が向上している)
- She has three dogs and a cat. (所有)
- She's having supper. (食べている)
- I can see Anthony in the garden (知覚)
- I'm seeing Anthony later (会う予定)