"Unless"の使い方
Unless は if...notと同じです。 ifのように、unless の後には現在形、過去形、過去完了形(決して条件付きではありません)。 Unlessは、すべての条件文でif...notの代わりに用いられます。unlessを使った文節の順序に決まりはありません。
仮定法現在：Unless + 現在形
| Ifを用いて | Unlessを用いた言い換え |
|---|---|
| You will be sick if you don't stop eating. | You'll be sick unless you stop eating. |
| I won't pay if you don't provide the goods immediately. | I won't pay unless you provide the goods immediately. |
| If you don't study dilligently, you'll never understand trigonometry. | Unless you study dilligently, you'll never understand trigonometry. |
仮定法過去： Unless + 過去形
| Ifを用いて | Unlessを用いた言い換え |
|---|---|
| If he wasn't very ill, he would be at work. | Unless he was very ill, he would be at work. |
| I wouldn't eat that food if I wasn't really hungry. | I wouldn't eat that food unless I was really hungry. |
| She would be here by now if she wasn't stuck in traffic. | She would be here by now unless she was stuck in traffic. |
仮定法過去完了：Unless + 過去完了
| Ifを用いて | Unlessを用いた言い換え |
|---|---|
| Our director would not have signed the contract if she hadn't had a lawyer present. | Our director would not have signed the contract unless she had had a lawyer present. |
| I wouldn't have phoned him if you hadn't suggested it. | I wouldn't have phoned him unless you'd suggested it. |
| They would have shot her if she hadn't given them the money. | They would have shot her unless she'd given them the money. |